Utilizing Pharmacogenomics for Patients with Chronic Pain

Pharmacotherapy, which remains the cornerstone of chronic pain management, includes analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the more potent opioids, and adjunct therapies such as antidepressants and anticonvulsants. It is well-recognized that interindividual differences exist in the general population in terms of pain perception, response to analgesic treatment, and toxicities experienced.